Thursday, March 3, 2011

Bromothymol Blue Guppie Fish Science Experiment

COMING SOON: THE WAR BETWEEN "TERRAN" AND "cosmists"

In the near future there will be two separate humanities, humanity consists of two clans, each of followers of an ideology reached the status of "religions". It will then choose which camps they were fighting ... because there will necessarily be conflict between these two camps. Humanity will be divided between "Terrans" and "cosmists"

THEORY OF FUTURISTIC CYBER-Hugo de Garis
"Terrans cons cosmists"


War of artificial intelligence will Does it take place?

Hugo de Garis, researcher at ATR in Kyoto, Japan, the artificial brain will be much smarter than ours. And in fifty, a hundred years the planet will be divided into two camps: the "cosmists, which will welcome the creation of artificial brains to rival and then surpass those of men, and the" Terrans ", which , them, fear that one day we consider computers as superior beings ...

The opposition is therefore not between computers and men but between men themselves ... Hugo de Garis

has built himself a brain with 75 million artificial neurons. The machine the British professor has the distinction of evolution itself! In the Darwinian sense of the term, of course ... Icic, all connections are only between neurons, like the branches of a tree growing.

recently, he left Japan a while to work at Starlab in Brussels, where he created another amazing machine it provided 100 million artificial neurons. Its aim is to achieve a brain with 1 billion artificial neurons.

"With new advances have been made in the field of nanotechnology, we will soon be able to mimic the biological brain," he says.

"Then it will then be the era of artificial embryology! As a baby, when he begins his life with a single cell, has 100 000 billion nine months later, we will soon apply this principle of self-assembling computers embryogenetic ... "continued Dr. clarify de Garis

... We must also remember the shock return of Kevin Warwick, a famous researcher in the field of artificial intelligence, who said this: "The machines will soon be a lot smarter than us. That is why we must become cyborgs, human-computer, to take advantage of their power. It's our only chance, because I do not think that stopping research in this direction is realistic. "


THE" Posthuman "


Introduction In our recent publications we have tried to go loose and the positive outlook of the darker transhumanisation. Through current events and technology watch, we quickly raised a grievance in the concept of posthumanity

... So that we can present this phenomenon as an event that humanity has to prepare to stand firm warning the population of many possible excesses, it is also, as some, grab this philosophy to melt in a sectarian spirit, a mixture of mystical and false promises of positivism.

reminder, we consider that the posthumanity really starts will take place when "the inexorable emergence", or "ultimate convergence" (discussed by Kurzweil) between robotics, nanotechnology and biotechnology.

At that time, artificial evolution will take the place of biological evolution, life nano-electronics "has supplanted the" chemical life ".

Predictions mainly based on Moore's Law and its derivatives, usually the first place successes in this area for 2020. People like Theodore Kaczynski, the mathematician (Unabomber) have tried to impede progress in publishing the already-famous manifesto against industrial society "and murdering scientists, particularly computer scientists.

The phenomenon is not insignificant, Bill Joy, chief scientist at Sun, including one of his friends lost an eye and part of his right hand due to a parcel bomb to Kaczinsky was shocked by reading the manifesto of the latter, it was not until then particular attention to ethical issues surrounding the discipline. Since he advises strongly restrict the search by genetic engineering and nanotechnology, two disciplines that will push the production of objects, more intelligent, by self-replication.

Classified Details ...
Now we will focus on some key issues ... We will first introduce the futility of human post questions ....

In fact, the outlook is too huge for that one begins to get lost in the predictions. We therefore first introduce thinkers, initiators, promoters and philosophies (some are already talking about new religions) of the Omega Point and the Singularity, and predictions of Hugo de Garis fun as an example.

For us humans, the important thing is how the transition happens, the transhumanisation, find ideas for it unfolds as delicately as possible within the next 30 years. The question of what happens after that will have more of our control, these problems will be those intelligences from second generation.

After the singularity?
Intelligence human and technical reach double the computing capacity of the machines every 18 months. If this control is given to technical equipment, a "artificial scientist", it then enters a runaway phenomenon that leads to a singularity of history, we reach a kind of world where each generation is replaced by a new species more intelligent, which would lead us to the deepest limits of physics, in a spiral (post) exp (n)-human, each generation would face the question of its replacement by a more intelligent species to the limits of information storage in our universe until the picotechnologie if necessary, until the rope, it is hardly conceivable to determine what might happen next.

Nanotechnology would build any molecule from any waste, no need for raw materials, nothing is more precious, capitalism has disappeared and gave way to a global collectivism, and global obvious, perhaps controlled by a collective intelligence.

So, apparently, capitalism was simply a vehicle for rapid development to overcome the singularity, it was the best possible system to cause rapid technological progress ....

But one can also imagine a capitalist economy liquid, based solely on information, which would become the new currency, an economy of mind, in a partnership spirit, in an era that Moravec called " Mind Age "?!

After the victory assured against death, there would be more than dealing with the universe, engage in macro-technical shaping the space and time, stars and planets and make the universe, a giant brain, god. God not originally, but at the end of time is what a so-called theory Omega Point, introduced by Frank Tipler. Nothing is really dwell on it, it just looks like a religion reversed if god was not there for us to start throwing, it will at least be there to greet us, we will create, with his intelligence Supreme distant future, his memory and computing capacity infinite, everyone is locked in its perfect simulation, total happiness and eternal paradise permanent. But even God is not immortal, because the Universe will have its own demise, unless we can be even sufficient to compress and stabilize the entire universe, to stem the dark energy and expansion. Avoid cold avoid death, avoid the end of time.

That ...
When one thinks too far, this is what you get, the more assumptions that far-fetched, so now we will simply no longer glimpse of what may happen beyond the Singularity.

problems after the "transcendence" post "singularity" we are complete strangers is a new phase, a new era, we are not at all concerned, it will be the work of super- intelligences. One thing is certain, the Singularity will be held during the 21th century, and we can only grow in two attractors: the self-destruction and transcendence.

Life is undoubtedly on many planets in the universe, the planets that have not been too many climatic shocks, giant asteroid, may have seen the emergence of an intelligent civilization, which developed techniques, the probability is already low. The big question is whether such a society is more likely to self-destruct than to achieve transcendence.

In our humble opinion, we believe the likelihood of achieving transcendence must be of the same order as that lambda a sperm reaches an egg penetrate.

Nature is very cruel, for life to emerge, we need a stable universe with physical laws, find themselves in a solar system over less stable on a planet that is already having a very good configuration relative to a star, then it takes quite a chance to get to civilization, and it takes even more likely this will not disintegrate civilization itself.

Our only concern is as a human to do, to win the game, achieve to pass the Cape of transcendence, history that our poor ancestors are not too dead for nothing, if you are looking for a goal your life, here he is, whatever your career, Here is the first collective work overall. Hugo de Garis encourage you to choose your side, in his vocabulary a bit peculiar.

Supporters' cosmists "want to see the show" artilects "individuals improved and superior in every respect to their biological parents. The "Terran" Conservatives want to prevent at all costs the appearance of these creatures. Unfortunately, with the capitalist system, you really can not stop progress, "Terran" have already lost even before they've really given a standardized name.



Bostrom vs. FUKUYAMA

Lately we have seen a small war between Francis Fukuyama and Nick Bostrom. ...
Fukuyama (the same who decreed the end of history after the fall of the Soviet empire, the last man to be that of the American ideological vision, the same that is part of Bush advisers) discussed in an article recent transhumanism as the worst ideas of the 21th century.

Bostrom, a philosopher at Oxford and founder of the World Transhumanism Association (worldwide network of interactions among researchers, students and university professors, advocating the ethical use of technology to increase human capacity) in an article in September 2004 (Transhumanism: THE WORLDS MOST DANGEROUS IDEA?) responded to these attacks. A human can improve its life, inhibit their emotions, to change, according to his own will? Is it that we can prevent this?

United States in any case, biopreservatives, Republicans generally believe, have drawn up an agenda for action to prevent human capacity to improve its biological ...

Bostrom wonders what's so embarrassing to module authorizes an individual to self-edit. Fukuyama did not mince words: "Transhumanist are just about The Last That group I'd like to see live forever. " He believes that human beings, its original essence, the color of his skin, his intelligence, his features are the foundation of the liberal system. Laws, politics and economics, are not compatible with individual liberty, to equality of opportunity. Fukuyama is therefore a shortcut rather questionable: The transhumanist ideas would endanger the capitalist system and the equality of men. Bostrom has demolished these arguments quite easily, the fact improve memory, change appearance, increase its shelf life, control his emotions, to add functions, does not call into question the moral principles of individual and therefore does not continue to defend the ideals of equality.

In this little war, nobody had really care to ask the right question: Is the capitalist system is it best to accommodate advances in transhumanisation?

It is certainly not difficult to imagine that these technological advances will not in any way improve the social fractures (15% of the population has the 4 / 5 of global GDP and this difference increases over time), in addition to being rich, wealthy families will live longer and be even smarter.

From our side, we believe that posthumanity will exacerbate inequalities, but we can not prevent a human to improve if we want to pretend to be a democracy, that's the whole issue of the situation, the quasi-paradox .

Fukuyama became the figurehead of the anti-technological intelligentsia, also wrote a book in which he castigates the progress and advises quickly impose laws to prevent any drift towards the posthumanity.

Fukuyama's mistake is to focus too much on biotechnology, and forget the computer and nano-technology, with potential much larger (nano-technology will reconfigure a brain neuron by neuron, creating powerful computers, creating nano-robots antibodies in medicine, to create new types of materials ...). One can also argue as Eliezer Yudkowsky, and concentrate fully, without worrying about the consequences of the ultimate convergence, or as he calls it: the "Singularity."

Should still make it to the singularity Jacques Blamont retort! The United States, with their political power, have all the cards to be the first nation to have the tools to pass the course. Europe with his cowardice, his lack of consistency on defense and research and development has all the appearance of being doomed to become a puppy from the USA.

Blamont predicted a world divided into two, the West and the rest of the world, the world rushing into the guerrillas, the NetWare, the illicit manufacture of weapons.

At that, he adds diseases, environmental failure. The current world situation is the worst possible nest hatch to see any posthumanity!

Mankind had a choice between change and evolve or self-destruct. Blamont promises the Apocalypse ... The Singularity black hole becomes Blamont. That is something quite disturbing.

RATHER TO A GLOBAL INTELLIGENCE?

Since the discovery of anesthétisie, vaccines, organ transplantation, Bostrom said that transhumanism is the logical and inevitable consequence of technological progress. Any company
a little bit smart and educated is confronted sooner or later. Our economic system in times of instability and war, pushing technology to emerge. When they are there, it is quite mandatory to use them.

We come here to our dependence on technology, do not we create a system where machines dominate us?

We say at the outset: the answer is yes!

Law Gabor clearly tells us: "Everything possible will be necessarily true," the individual influenced by economic competition, social situation in the middle, will be forced to become a "user" or a "technician" of the object, or even a scientist developing a theory of "pure", but will be eventually broken down into a technology.

The "subject" human creation, in a sense, a life own, outside of one's life, one can interpret a human life as a vector of transmission, development of the object. The object survives the individual. The human activity has created so-called artificial (the economy according to Herbert Simon is an artificial activity, a system that adjusts relative to internal and external parameters produces appropriate adaptive behaviors), once again, these systems artificial, these self-adaptive systems, surviving individuals.

A solution would be to treat humans not as individuals but as part of a "super agency" with a "conscience Superior "...

The concept of technology might well be regarded as being central to human activity, whether the economy is making progress in technology. The comfort of all, the ethics surrounding the use of any technique would be an illusion, objects multiply, and ultimately, the "super-organism" that can be called "humanity" continues to carry out his plan: populate the environment of networks of objects immortal. From In general, individualism is an illusion.

last great human creation date, internet, study subject almost infinite. More and more scientists claim that we are in a meta-mutation, the internet will become a virtual super-organism. Each individual brings his play to the building.

Some agencies have tried to master "the beast", with projects such as espionage massive Echelon, the military has realized the importance of this network which will soon extend to all objects (the new IP standard will give an IP address to all objects of the Earth, the car in the microwave), and will be, via mobile phone, this constantly on ("in") every human being. Internet will tend gradually to the status of a super-intelligent global basis a primordial universe, a kind of information universe where human consciousness would eventually agree, this is resonating well with the new cosmological theories that see the information and awareness the real bricks of the Universe equipment.

REFERENCES:

Dominique Lecourt. "People Post Human". Presses Universitaires de France. 2003. Jean-Paul
Baquiast. "Consciousness primary and higher consciousness in the super-organisms". 2004.
Valentin F. Turchin. "The Phenomenon of Man: A Cybernetic Approach to Human Evolution". 1977.
Herbert A. Simon. "The sciences of the artificial (3rd edition). Folio Essais. 1996.
Jacques Blamont. "Introduction to the century threats." 2004. Theodore
Kaczinsky. "The manifesto against industrial society." http://www.unabombertrial.com
Francis Fukuyama. "Our Posthuman Future: Consequences of the Biotechnology Revolution". London, Profile Books. (2002)
Eliezer S. Yudkowsky. "Peering the Singularity." http://yudkowsky.net/singularity.html

Can Install Itunes Not Modifed

"The move of the night" a book to reconnect

Tokyo to Odaiba Peninsula


My friend Anne put me one day in the hands of lovers sputnik me praising the talent of writer Haruki Murakami . I discovered a contemporary writing, strange, poetic and a rare mastery. I promised myself to read his other works and the challenge of vagabond stars gave me the impulse. The choice of Passage of the night was simple, he was waiting on my shelf!


Nightlife

The story of this book is both simple and complex to summarize. Few hours at night in Tokyo, we discover the relationship between two sisters distended: Husband, the younger, timid student in Chinese seems to have decided to spend the night in a Denny's - a chain of American restaurants open h24. Eri, the eldest, a beauty that appears in magazines, sleeps a deep sleep and too rigid in his cozy room.
Mari meets Takashi, a former classmate of Eri. A boy a little awkward, a jazz musician. In the darkness, a televison sizzles and turns without being connected. On the other hand, a waiting place ...

Over hours and meetings, distancing blunted. Muraki painted the town in the middle of the night. The latter gives the duality of human relations: engaging in certain protected confidences, while others threatened, rock, victims or perpetrators. These lives, immersed in darkness are significantly different from the day ...


Like in the movies ...

Tokyo

Writing simply and directly follows a very cutting cinematography. If a director wants to bring this book to the screen, so the adaptation will be minimal sets, characters and story-like scenario.

Bias narrative plays this similarity with the timely intervention of a narrator as objective as a camera. An unusual
observer who described the first report on the most fantastic novel, and captures the soul of the city not really asleep.


Shadow of the film Alphaville flat and fits even in neon the sign of a love-hotel. And then there are the many musical references that are scattered as discrete soundtrack.

Each chapter heading, a clock beats out the hours. And a rigid frame and so common ... Murakami likes to insert in the urban reality classic touches of eccentricity, a great wave, both disturbing and poetic. A door between an open-world dreamlike and mysterious.

I find the choice of the French title (After Dark for the original title) farsighted. The portion of the night evokes an inevitable slowness, and the coming of dawn still some ... And eternal surprise that lies beneath the veneer of ordinary things. Quick quick, I want to read another novel by Haruki Murakami!

wikipedia page in English, most complete
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haruki_Murakami


Tokyo

Wednesday, March 2, 2011

Painful White Pimple On My Gums

A DNA "CYBORG" HAS BEEN CREATED ...

SCIENTISTS CREATE A DNA "CYBORG"

A group of researchers from Denmark are working on creating something completely new to this planet, life forms that contains an improved version of the double helix of DNA. They are creating a triple helix désoxyribonucléique.Depuis acid that the acid has been discovered, the experts acknowledged that twofold dancing around one another, forming a distinctive The double helix structure.

All complex organisms contain DNA, and they all have the same configuration.Le group is based at the University of Copenhagen, wants to add a third strand of peptide nucleic acid on the two strands of DNA that already exist in all organisms. The aim is to block the activity of certain genes, such as those associated with high risk of developing cancers, and reinforce other activities that are beneficial.

Source: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Scientists-Create-Cyborg-DNA-186819.shtml

To deepen the danger of genetic engineering, robotics, artificial intelligence, the synthetic biology, nanotechnology and transhumanism, visit the following link (English): http://defenderpublishing.blogspot.com/2010/09/part-14-forbidden-gates-how-genetics.html

Note that the V series, season 2, the "visitors" are working to develop an "improved" version of DNA that is expected to create a hybrid race (reptilian / human), mutant monsters, chimeras with superhuman abilities designed to perpetuate the race and make the war on humans. The DNA is modified to allow the insertion of genetic parameters that will produce an army of darkness. If you read the book "Forbidden Gates," the researcher Thomas Horn, you will see that reality goes beyond fiction now!

course, all these scientific advances are funded on behalf of the research to cure and prevent incurable diseases. However, these findings fall into the hands of "mad scientists" and could become the biggest nightmare in the history of mankind!
Source: Consciousness of the People

Tuesday, March 1, 2011

What If You Get An Erection At A Sauna

THE REALITY OF THE BIO-TECHOLOGIES


THE FUTURE IS IN OUR HOUSE ...

Many biotechnological research currently focuses on the human limbs deficient. Rehabilitation Centre and Apparatus Valanton (Paris region), arm amputees and relearn to drive, to tie their shoelaces, to handle a drink or to write using the electric member, albeit still quite unattractive but perfectly functional, which has been grafted. This prosthesis, that is indistinguishable at first sight of the classic versions, is equipped with electrodes to excite the patient, by an effort of concentration, a nerve at the top of the shoulder. Then definitely a bionic arm that goes into action. In the Scientific American magazine , experts are quick to announce tomorrow that such prostheses will have a real ability to move, but they "transmit pain and especially recover the sense of touch."

It is true that level of tactility, a technique developed in Denmark already allows subjects to feel nervous system damaged objects again: "The cells located on the hands touch the patient communicate their messages to electrodes placed around a nerve receptor . [Therefore], a patient who required only eat the worst efforts can talk quietly with his neighbor at the table when he takes his meals. "

In 2001, a neurobiologist Hungarian Jeno Pali, has meanwhile developed an artificial skin that has a connection to the nervous system. Once dressed in the skin, a prosthesis labor becomes "capable of detecting with high precision shapes and designs to surfaces, and to grasp objects with the appropriate pressure without letting them slip. The amputee can therefore benefit from a near-normal dexterity. "

Regarding locomotion, the most dramatic initiative is put to the credit of Professor Pierre Rabischong (Montpellier), which coordinates the European "Stand Up and Walk" (SUAW).

In 1999, a paraplegic and has received an electronic implant allowing him to "walk again" ... This man totally paralyzed lower body Following a car accident, is now able to get up and move his legs one after another. A case containing a microchip has been implanted in the abdomen.

This stimulator is connected (by steel cables coated with Teflon) electrodes attached to nerves in four and six leg muscles. An outer casing containing a timer is attached to his walker. Buttons placed on handles allow it, the push to activate the stimulator and to transmit simple orders such an advance, accelerate, decelerate, change direction. The electrical pulses generated muscle contractions that allow it to move. The computer and its programs outside substituted instructions locomotor brain that usually enliven our members. Marc Merger, who considers himself a "modest prototype", moves only in his home and takes it to state, "like a young old man".

Even if the experiment is striking and moving, it is not a miracle, the patient remains paraplegic. So researchers are skeptical about the future of these advances, they prefer to focus research on regeneration and stimulation of the spinal cord. As for the U.S. scientists involved in the pathway of electrical stimulation, they are now trying to implant microchips directly into the brain, to amplify neural signals and then transmit them to a computer, then to the muscles via electrodes .

neural prostheses - says Dr. William J. Heetderks (director NIH) - are "devices designed to provide information to the nervous system or, conversely, produce and make him pass."

directly connected to the brain, these prostheses sensory expected to replace "organic systems much more complex than just a member" (such as sight, hearing, smell, balance, memory or ...), develop hypersen ( like see wavelengths in the infrared).

Thus, biotechnology do they give rise to experiments aimed at overcoming some or sensory impairments (logical repair) is to increase the perceptual capacities of the human body (sense amplifier).

Common to all these attempts is the use of advanced computer technology, which is now seeking to link to the organization.


THE MIRACLE OF SCIENCE ...

The best-known attempts to integrate human-machine interface design or human-machine remains the pioneering experience of cybernetics Kevin Warwick, the University of Reading (Great Britain), who, August 25, 1998, had "been put under the skin a glass capsule containing an electromagnetic coil and some microprocessors. This device, he wore a ten-day permit to locate precisely in the building where his laboratory. He could also control various machines of its environment (open doors, lighting, etc..). When he arrived at his office in the morning, a synthetic voice emitted by the micro content in his arm he wanted to "hello", he pointed out new e-mail and read it aloud. In an interview with Spiegel, Warwick gave two examples of this "type of implant," one trivial: the implant could be a credit card (no need to retain a number of code ...)

In addition, Kevin Warwick, professor of cybernetics, envisaged it not to feed the brain with signals from sensors of ultrasound to study its reactions: "For me, that would be nice if the ultrasound triggered by such a tingling in my nose when I risk bumping into some thing ".

According to him, have babies, at birth, such an additional meaning would be perfectly "able to interpret this stimulation as a sensory impression" .

Warwick, also planned to exchange signals and emotions with his wife by proxy chips! In theory, the implanted chip in his arm should recognize the nerve messages passing through his body in the form of electrical signals. It would then communicate this message through the Internet to a second chip implanted in the arms of his sweetheart (Irena). Qu'adviendrat then? Mystery and gumdrop: if the teacher gets angry, or if he accidentally cut his wife feel she a strange sensation in the forearm?

If successful, Warwick spouse can claim the invention of the internet by telepathy!

Daniela Cerqui followed the first man who has a chip implanted in his arm, Kevin Warwick ...




TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES AND EQUIPMENT

Sight

In the near future, scientists expect to be able to help the blind regain their sight. Some have already managed to restore "an embryo of vision" or "a semblance of order" to the blind.

After thirty years of research, the Dobelle Institute Zurich has developed a machine vision system.

A micro camera, housed in the lenses of a pair of sunglasses, takes images which are then traitéespar a computer worn on the belt. From here, electrical impulses are sent through a cable to a housing fixed on the skull where a connection is established with 68 electrodes (made of platinum wire 1 mm in diameter). These electrodes stuck on a metal plate placed on the surface of the visual cortex, directly stimulate the brain.

The device allows the blind to perceive points of light and to recognize certain basic shapes. An American sixty-two, became blind at the age of thirty-six years, can read printed characters of 15 centimeters at a distance of 1, 5 meters (which, however, is "a very low visual acuity"). The U.S. team working on this project thought to eventually develop this technique by implanting electrodes up to 512, while incorporating the advances in computer technology (including using the best analysis technique known as image the name of "contour extraction").

In June 2002, at the 48th Congress of the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs on the (New York), Dr William Dobelle has ensured that one of his patients had been able to drive a car "slowly and private property." Confident, he added: "When our technology has been improved and is less expensive, Braille become obsolete, the white cane will become obsolete and guide dogs will become obsolete as surely as the planes have replaced the steamboats. "

With his team, he announced that a functional artificial eye was now commercially available, and could be implemented for the sum of $ 75,000 (new systems, more efficient, to be available soon for $ 98,000).

Other neurologists working on visual prostheses directly connected to the optic nerve. And even if it seems out of question to establish one day a camera directly into the eye (especially given the "enormous problems of biological compatibility), or replace the eye with an image sensor (which destroys the optic nerve), work microphotodiodes implantation (for capturing images) are currently being conducted in Germany, Great Britain and the United States.

These "aids" Retinal can be placed either inside the lens or within the eyeball, is still in the posterior region of the eye near the optic nerve, and so instantly transmit it to the recorded signals.

An artificial retina has been designed by two neuro-ophthalmologist at Harvard. The implant surgically installed in the back of the eye, is composed of hundreds of electrodes which will stimulate the retinal cells. The patient wears a pair of spectacles fitted with a micro-camera and a small laser (incorporated with glasses) who receives "Images taken by the camera and [converts] the light information into electrical signals before forwarding them to the implant. This, in turn, [active] ganglion cells of the retina, which [register] the sensation of the captured image and the [forward] to the brain, where it will be seen as virtual image
. "

The "first attempt at electrical connection to the optic nerve" has it been done in Belgium ... A woman is now equipped with a draft of artificial eye: "A micro-camera mounted on a pair of glasses, a small bag encased electronics at the waist and above all, a group of electrodes attached to his optic nerve.

Eventually, an antenna must be placed on his skull to replace the inelegant son coming out of his skin. The patient 's leads "to distinguish from simple geometric forms," while researchers try, talking with her, to interpret the sensations associated with each type of electrical pulse. Thus they learn "to match the points of the image provided by the video camera with each area of the visual field reconstructed in the brain.

However, these technologies may not be offered to persons who, although it compromises total blindness, "may have seen during their lives. This is essential to their nervous system can learn to analyze the images."

The Hearing

Similar work is undertaken in the field of hearing. Additionally cochlear implants and other implanted electronic hearing, some hope to develop in human perceptual potentialities hitherto used only by animals. It is thus possible to imagine "grafting a chip to detect ultrasound," like the bat.

Smell

level of odor perception, researchers believe they can soon overcome the anosmia (absence or reduction of smell) by implanting chips nose. Such "chips" are also currently used to control the freshness of certain foods.

In 2000, a laboratory had announced the development of an electronic nose for detection of 15 fresh fish! If these "nose" artificial imitate human smell still so rough that some Scientists believe that this technology could be rapidly incorporated into the human. Once miniaturized and transplanted into the nose (but that could just as well be in another part of the body), these sensors could help detect odors flavors unknown, but also detect toxic fumes ... "These devices are designed to smell odors that we can not or do not want to receive, such as landmines or rotten food. "


Taste Taste is, too, the subject of extensive investigation. If scientists do not yet to manufacture an artificial language that can be grafted, they work to design electronic tongue, a "e-language" which could be used to sample the quality of a wine or analyze viruses.

"As the artificial nose, this language uses chemical sensors that operate as many taste buds to analyze artificial fluids disgusting or dangerous." A language that could enjoy new flavors, but also (and especially) if alert removals eminently dangerous bacteria.

Thus, in Pittsburgh, researchers at the company Cellomics strive to develop a biochip possible to "identify biological warfare agents. The device, nicknamed " canary on a chip " is a silicon chip covered with living nerve cells taken from insects. Most bacteria that can be used by "bioterrorist" secrete neurotoxins. In case of attack the nerve cells are affected first. If they are arranged on a silicon chip, the news of the attack can be relayed quickly ". This logic

nanochips implantation or transplantation, which allow computer or amplify perceptions or sensory function to restore a failing is one aspect of research among the most innovative. Miniaturization, computer literacy, use of neural connections make it possible to envisage a cybernetic organism present or restored. However, other avenues of research are being developed are part of the artificial production of natural organs.

Culture of Organs and body kit
Because at the Bio-Engineering, the research goes even further by making a sort of somatoculture.

Cultivated with care, our cells are indeed able to rebuild new tissue. So it is now conceivable to grow whole organs (such as liver, heart or kidney) in test tubes. According to several researchers, "eventually all replaceable organs will be developed in the laboratory. Skin, cartilage, some nerves, fingers and gall bladders have already been manufactured.

In his article, "My little finger has grown in the lab" , Josie Glausiusz how bio-engineers get such bodies: first, they begin to draw a blank by computer, then from of then build a support structure for three-dimensional artificial polymers.

This porous plastic frame is designed to accommodate human cells, physically trapped inside the tiny holes. Enzymes are used to "encourage the blood to provide nutrients. [...] As the tissue grows, the polymers dissolve. Finally, the structure remains in place is composed almost entirely of human cells. It is therefore better able to deceive the vigilance of the immune system. Bio-hybrid arteries have been obtained from a structure tubular been relocated inside pigs where they "have remained functional for nearly a month."

The ultimate goal is to "develop a comprehensive body using the patient's cells as raw material."

These "spare organs" (made from the culture of "double embryo" of oneself) would perform transplants "on demand", while eliminating the risk of rejection: "The stem cells are those recipient, the transplanted organ would be fully compatible. "

More futuristic yet, construction is planned Artificial Organs autonomous allowing outsourcing of functions such as making ...

At Harvard, a surgeon (Anthony Atala) works "on an artificial uterus that would outsource the pregnancy in a woman who can not (or will) not be his child."

It has already succeeded in "making" a dog's bladder by growing cells on a polymer scaffolding that dissolves when the cells formed a tissue. This bladder has worked for a year! Extracorporeal pregnancy does not seem to be a utopia.

Meanwhile, the team of Professor Yoshinori Kuwabara of the university of Jutendo (Tokyo) perfects "the first artificial womb operational world - a clear plastic tank filled with amniotic fluid stabilized at body temperature. She kept alive, while developing them, "during ten days of goat fetus, by connecting their umbilical cords to two machines for placenta, which the blood supply, oxygen and nutrients while eliminating waste . If the plastic womb is still in prototype stage, Kuwabara provides a fully functional artificial womb may become a reality in less than six years. "

Initially, this technique could be used to save very premature babies, or when it is necessary to remove the womb of fetal patients, may thus be more easily monitored.

Moreover, in late 2001, researchers from Cornell University announced that they have managed to create an artificial uterine lining. Their goal: to create a womb full transplantable to overcome infertility problems. In 2001, surgeons grafted Kentucky a prototype artificial heart comprehensive and fully independent from a patient suffering from heart failure serious.

The "new" body is a replica, made of titanium and polyurethane, a "true" heart, with valves, cavities, ventricles, able to eject blood into the bloodstream. The prosthesis, called "AbioCor" (the company name the manufacturer), is equipped with a miniaturized motor connected to a small internal battery (with a battery life of 20 to 30 minutes during which the patient is totally autonomous)

Finally, in 2030, scientists believe can be the injection of brain cells in culture, transplantation of testicular artificial penis and even heads. Such an operation has already been achieved in the years 60-70 on rhesus monkeys by Robert White, a neurosurgeon at the University of Cleveland.

Not without success, because the primates have survived several months with their new head (which is no small thing if one remembers that the first human who received a heart transplant in 1967, died, he, seventeen days after the historic feat of Dr. Barnard Christiann).

In 1999, the monkey head transplant physician, who was then 73 years, announced want to do the same with humans. Head transplant, or, equivalently but seems better perceived by the people, the "whole body transplant" (minus the head), and would replace body whose state of disrepair (due to old age , disease or prolonged immobility forced) ultimately results in the death of the subject.

Patients whose body is paralyzed often die of organ failure, "a new body would allow them to live longer and wait for a (still hypothetical) repair of the spinal cord. "

For Robert White, "it is likely that people with cancer but who are not paralyzed volunteer, even if after the operation, they are nailed on a bed watching talk shows or listen to Mozart. Some people are so afraid of death they would accept being a head on a pillow. "

It is easy to understand what basis such research. On the one hand, they are made by socially legitimate anxiety generated by the degeneration of the body, disease and death. Then they are justified - a scientific perspective and medical - for the sake therapeutic exploring all means to restore, replace or compensate for a faulty function.

But there are other perspectives that are not located within
these projects. If they explore, they also open possibilities for the evolution of techno, they are not just for the purpose of repairing the body "damaged" but with the ambition to increase the functionality of the body healthy.

In theory, it now seems possible that a living exchange through his body, information with a computer through casual contact. The "PAN (Personal Area Network) could be used for all transactions involving the transfer of data.


microchips

This technology "modem human" like Fluctuat.net describes the site, based on the excellent capabilities of the conductive body may, as a copper cable covered by an electric current of low intensity, transmit information at a rate of several hundreds of thousands of pulses per second.

When a person wearing a transmitter enters into contact with another person, or with a device equipped with a receiver, the circuit will close and a current pass imperceptibly on the surface of a body to another. The information can then be discharged to a computer or stored permanently on the receiver board. The human planning, in effect, to incorporate more and more robotic components to amplify his abilities, develop the potential unsuspected, or more prosaically to better protect themselves from contemporary fears (attacks, kidnapping, pedophilia, etc.)..

A simple chip grafted under the skin may allow identification of its bearer data containing very specific.

Since 2000, an American family has become the "family Cyborg", since its members have been introducing an electronic chip (the size of a grain of rice) in the forearm. The chip operates here as a radio transmitter.

When activated by a scanner, it delivers an "identification code" which, when introduced into a computer database, provides access to medical records of the individual.

The "VeriChip" (name of micro-implant manufactured by the company Applied Digital Solutions ), in the event of an emergency, to facilitate the treatment of patients, but also to recognize the body "unidentifiable" (as after the September 11 ...) or to improve safety allowing the recognition of people with access to places "sensitive" (restricted access areas of airports, cockpits, nuclear plants, etc..).

Such types of implants are already widely used in lieu of tattooing among pets. In the USA thousands of animals are carriers, they are equipped with a system GPS for locating the animal lost (or stolen).

In France, since July 2001, the law permits subcutaneous injection (using a syringe may be) of a chip which contains an identification number (readable with a reader radio waves). The chip is considered "clean, fast, attractive."

interface human-machine reliability, while the tattoo may fade (or be stolen dog's ears cut off ...). Today more than a quarter of dogs are mother and chipped. These transponders could

primarily serve Argos and help identify and then find people kidnapppées or lost (seafarers, explorers, etc.).. It also seems that he, expect for the company Applied Digital Solutions s: "Insert the product through animals in order to familiarize people with the idea for this implant.

the U.S., the Food and Drug Administration recently opened the way for its marketing in deciding recently that the product did not need to be regulated, since it does not contain medical information. It has authorized the company to launched its product promotion in humans in financial goals, security and personal identification. The

"chipmobile" therefore share promotional tour across the United States, with a catchy slogan "Get Chipped!" . The cost of the implant? U.S. $ 200 plus $ 10 monthly fee for maintenance of the database. But for this promotional campaign, the first 100 000 purchasers will receive a $ 50 discount on the "installation fee".

October 30, 2002 already, ADS preparing to demonstrate the effectiveness of a cookie sophisticated named "Digital Angel" : The chip is equipped with a satellite positioning system GPS. Powered by a battery recharged from muscle contractions, the component should integrate biosensors to monitor the health of the patient. The assembly is encapsulated in an inert material and the size of a coin of 5 cents. The signals are picked up by receiving stations spread over the territory, like the mobile phone networks.

the sake of energy savings, the chip works only intermittently. It is activated by an acoustic signal emitted by the wearer in distress or automatically in case of measuring a biological parameter of concern. To prevent, for example, the doctor prepares a heart attack. "Digital Angel can be activated remotely," using radio signals if the victim is unconscious or too young to trigger the beacon. "

The "VeriChip" seems destined for a very bright future, especially in Brazil, where the hostage-taking has become a common practice now extends to the middle classes. The police could then locate the victim and act effectively ... To take advantage of this "electronic bodyguard", it will cost 1 000 reals (or 493 euros) and payment of a monthly subscription. The Brazilian distributor of this kind of barcode human (because that can be used to run an identity card) also expects a large demand


INFORMATION IN THE SKIN

"Think of pedophiles." As these people are released, no one wants as a neighbor. Perhaps the company she would be more reassured if they had a microchip implanted. It could lead a safer life ... "This idea

moreover been taken recently by the British government plans to give the pedophiles of this type of implant.

Hilary Benn, the British official responsible for overseeing pedophiles, reveals that a team of researchers from the Department of the Interior "actively investigating" the possibility of surgically inserting a microchip under the skin silicone pedophiles out of prison.

This chip would allow pedophiles to locate through the use of a satellite, and alert police if they are near a field at risk such as a school. It would also monitor blood pressure and heart rate, providing a factor indicating if acting out imminent.

By implanting electrodes in the three thin cortex of a rat, and the harnessing of an "electronic control center" miniaturized, it is possible to control the animal from a computer keyboard. The rat-robot (or roborat) receives at progressively advanced his "instructions" it requires to move, and may even be forced to borrow paths unusual or dangerous (or to "ignore a female to pursue its mission"!). A signal sent
virtually gives the impression that something tickles rat mustache right, or comes into contact with his left stranded (solicited by the electrode).

A third, stuck in the "pleasure center" can be rewarded by an intense sensation and increase their motivation to move forward. Well controlled and equipped with a camera

body modification technology

Towards Telepathy miniature electronics, these little beasts could be useful to search for survivors in the rubble. But they could equally well serve as spies breaking into secret places or carry explosive charges ...

This robotic manipulation of living is only one aspect of the connection between mind and machine, where the signals leave the hardware (the computer) to the wetware (brain). More complex and promising research following the reverse path, when the thought alone is capable of controlling the machine.

Computers transmitting the thoughts of people deprived of any possibility of communication (verbal and body) are, in effect, being developed in various research centers. At the University of Tübingen (Germany) Two men, victims of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, can not even blink, were able to communicate by giving "instructions to a computer by thought alone."

Two electrodes placed on their head record the brain's electrical activity, while a screen they can see the recorded EEG. Thus did they learn to make a positive or negative electrical signal "as a result of their mere will." Therefore it they can use a dictation machine that displays successively the two halves of the alphabet. If the desired letter appears the patient sends a positive signal, the computer displays half of the designated part of the alphabet, and so on, until finally a letter is selected. At the rate of one letter every thirty seconds, it took sixteen hours [one patient] to write his first letter.

Johnny Ray is another volunteer human guinea pig on which is a sophisticated "device control cortex" transform brain activity into movements remotely. Since the stroke which hit him in January 1998, this former navvy is totally paralyzed. He sees, hears, but can neither speak nor move. He survives, walled prison in a body no longer needed - victim of locked-in syndrome (or syndrome of confinement).

Yet when he manages to overcome his fatigue and pain, Ray control a computer by the power of his mind, thanks to an electronic device implanted in his brain. The system "captures his brain signals and relays them to a processor [which] translates [...] in order interpretable by a computer.

Johnny Ray participates, since March 1998, an exceptional experience led the team of Professor of Neurology Philip Kennedy of Emory University in Atlanta and Melody Moore, a professor of computer science at the University State of Georgia at that time, two "neurotrophic electrode" were implanted in the motor cortex of Ray (where are the cells controlling different muscle groups). Each electrode consists of a hollow glass cone of about 1.5 mm long and 0.1 to 0.4 mm in diameter containing two filaments Gold can record the presence of a current low impedance.

cones are covered with nerve tissue extracts of the patient's knee. The film "Neurotrophic" (which restores tissue) stimulates cell growth.

Within three months after implantation (within the zone of the cortex associated with hand movements), the dendrites of neurons surrounding the electrodes are related to tissues which have recovered in the cone of glass, including creating " a sort of mini-brain ". So when Ray believes certain types of gestures, the electrodes pick up signals from neurons. These signals are transmitted via a miniaturized transmitter amplifier housed in the skull, the computer that translates them into cursor movements.

"We have placed the computer mouse in the brain of the patient" , summarizes the neurosurgeon (Roy Bakay) who performed the implant, without being able to explain how the patient manages to control signals from his brain .

However, we should not believe that John at ease with this "mouse" efforts that must be performed are laborious and exhausting quickly. He first learned to simply point the cursor to click on icons (like the image of an ice cube) and thus trigger an electronic voice (in this case: "I thirst"). Then he managed to "line up three or four letters per minute.

Today, despite the complexity of the operation, Johnny Ray is able, his eyes riveted on the screen of his computer, move a cursor icons, and icons to click on them. By controlling mentally

a virtual keyboard, he formed the words, sentences, answers questions, takes short conversations with his interlocutors. He even plans to surf the Internet, has an e-mail (@ mindspring.com johnny.ray) and wants to communicate with the world. Changes in technology and equipment

Philip Kennedy, for whom "non-medical applications are immense," has meanwhile been contacted by the Pentagon, but has refused any cooperation
Pracontal Michel believes that linking brain / computer has an enormous potential. The implantation in the brain of a miniature transceiver could connect us directly to the web, we liaise with the telephone network and allow us to communicate messages through sheer force of thought: "That would be the electronic telepathy ".

An alternative (smaller) is advanced by a researcher at the Helsinki Telephone Company: "Some wireless devices, implanted in the throat and ears, to communicate our thoughts without make aloud . "

In early summer 2002, two British inventors have also presented at the Science Museum in London a prototype mobile phone locating in a molar. The device grafted into the tooth can receive phone calls, listen to music, or even connect to audio sites on the Canvas discreetly. The machine consists of a wireless receiver at low frequency and a device that converts sound signals into vibrations directly from the tooth to the inner ear. Only problem, if the user's "touch phone" may well hear his correspondent, he can not even answer him.

In "The Age of Spiritual Machines , the American computer scientist Ray Kurzweil believes that from the middle of the century, " neuro-biocompatible implants will increase at will the computing capacity and memory brain. Liaisons direct links between the human brain and the computer will also scan the contents of each brain and transfer the memories and personality of the individual in a database. "

In an article in Time (New York), he examines the skills needed for a computer to achieve a human level of intelligence (including the ability to react to an emotional stimulus)

At the same volume, the raw power of information processing should be immeasurably superior that the human brain, including the replacement of silicon chips by carbon nanotubes. The software part of intelligence, meanwhile, would be achieved by copying the plans of the brain to reverse engineer it. The brain is scanned from the inside by billions of nanobots, sent to explore the lower cervical and hair close-up study in detail all nervous. Eventually could be made "highly detailed maps of the characteristics of neurons, synapses and neural connections. It would then be possible to "recreate the neural connections in computers advanced enough" that from that moment, at breakneck speed will exceed the level of human intelligence. From

Meanwhile, humans, by merging with its own technological advances may also extend the scope of his thinking and experience. Of "intelligent nanobots" implanted in our brains will swell to capacity, so increasing our prodigious memory and [...] improving on suspicion of all our sensory capabilities, logical, and cognitive. (Or do completely the opposite, according to the manufacturer's tastes). They give us the opportunity primarily to immerse ourselves completely in a virtual reality as detailed as the "real" reality, replacing data provided by our senses by real artificial flows of sensory data [...], creating a virtual environment that responds to the total behavior of our own virtual body (and that of others) in this environment.

Everyone can live any experience with any other person without having to be in the same place it.

As these implants can communicate with each other through a wireless LAN, interconnect or disconnect at will, they will create new hybrid networks (both biological and non-living).

From 2030, it will not even need a surgical procedure to implant these nanorobots that can be injected into the body or even just ingested. [...] The distinction will [then] increasingly blurred between brain entirely artificial copies will be highly improved human brains and human brains heavily implanted nanobots programmed differently. The question of which of the computer or human being, is the smartest will be meaningless, since the two have merged. For Ray Kurzweil

"The logical conclusion of all this is a brain kept alive artificially on life support that would control batteries of powerful computers. What a nightmare! "

For the moment, and until the merger and alliance between neurons and silicon is carried out, and that arise from cybiont, advances in miniaturization and telecommunications can connect intimately and inextricably to human the computer.

Since 1980, Steve Mann (Professor of Computer Science at the University of Toronto) is testing prototypes of wearable computers: computer or computer-to-wear skinnable, also known by some cyber

The frame of his glasses is now equipped with a tiny camera attached to a tiny computer. The assembly is connected by radio to his laboratory and moving images transmitted directly to its website. It then becomes possible to reply by e-mail that appears on these lenses futuristic binoculars. His wife can see him along the shelves of the supermarket where he runs errands, and guide its choice ... This camera-telescope could easily be equipped with face recognition software that whisper in the ear the name and position of the interviewees, and any other relevant information about them ...

goggles memory incorporating this type of data has actually been designed to help people with Alzheimer's disease. The camera is then connected to a database containing some familiar faces, which displays their name when these people enter the field of view of patients. Obviously, all these gadgets are interested, again, highly secure industry and the military.

TECHNO-ILLUSION

According to different authors in the next century, the human and the computer will end up inevitably in competition. Although supposedly loving this rivalry will lead to a chase between representatives of the two species, each struggling to survive and grow. A borrowing from the other attributes that are its strength. Robots and machines eventually merge, especially if the robots equip forms attractive, conducive to the breeding copulatory! One way or another, so we are all called to become androids.

In a newspaper interview Le Monde , Hugo de Garis (researcher artificial intelligence) delivered in 1999, his perception of social cleavages to come, the day when humans take their place either in the camp of "Terran" (denying the machine development and evolution of human cybiont) or in that of "cosmists" (who, having chosen to modernity, choosing to live together with robots themselves by becoming cyborgs).

"We see emerging what I call" artilects "(artificial intellects) massively intelligent machines, and which will become much more than us. [...] The issue of dominant global politics, the twenty-first century, it will : Humanity should or should not build artilects?

We imagine that the answer is between two ideological visions, passionate, violent, those who build artilects is the destiny of mankind, which will have a cosmic vision, and another group - we call them "Terrans" - which fear that artilects not decide one day that mankind is damaging and that we must destroy. With their superior intelligence, it would be very easy. [...] The artilects will grow as the computer industry and the military - particularly frightened American by the rise of China - have an interest. "


To be continued ...
article: Esmeralda and Maxence Grugier

Watch Movies Off Usb On Tv

Mirror, mirror, mirror on the wall ...

This would have liked to have two drawings instead of now ... alas, a thousand times alas!

dint support like crazy with his pencils - particularly the pink pencil - Murtaugh smashes our drawings and curled. And it shows in the scan. So we have inflicted on this unfortunate ordeal of the leaf directories: it crushes them with a lot of really heavy books that never opens (sort Comix 2000, huhuhu) until the sheet is completely flat!

So just a drawing, but it's better than nothing.


Oyez oyez, dear rouflaqueux! This is the 299th post of sideburns, which means that the next post will be the 300th ( bravo ... Sherlock). I appeal to all my fellow hair to make this event less trivial and altogether a festival of creativity and good taste!